By Gary Marcus, Jeremy Freeman, May-Britt Moser, Edvard I. Moser
An unheard of examine the search to resolve the mysteries of the human mind, the way forward for the mind takes readers to absolutely the frontiers of technology. unique essays via major researchers equivalent to Christof Koch, George Church, Olaf Sporns, and May-Britt and Edvard Moser describe the remarkable technological advances that might permit us to map the greater than eighty-five billion neurons within the mind, in addition to the demanding situations that lie forward in realizing the expected deluge of information and the clients for development operating simulations of the human mind. A must-read for a person attempting to comprehend bold new examine courses resembling the Obama administrations mind Initiative and the ecu Unions Human mind undertaking, the way forward for the mind sheds gentle at the breathtaking implications of mind technology for drugs, psychiatry, or even human cognizance itself.
Contributors contain: Misha Ahrens, Ned Block, Matteo Carandini, George Church, John Donoghue, Chris Eliasmith, Simon Fisher, Mike Hawrylycz, Sean Hill, Christof Koch, Leah Krubitzer, Michel Maharbiz, Kevin Mitchell, Edvard Moser, May-Britt Moser, David Poeppel, Krishna Shenoy, Olaf Sporns, Anthony Zador.
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Extra info for The Future of the Brain: Essays by the World's Leading Neuroscientists
Sample text
Genetic techniques, and methods based on electron microscopy, will complete the picture by providing such anatomical information; work on generating such data has already begun. Finally, perturbing the dynamical system rather than just observing it is another necessary ingredient for understanding it. Can we build conceptual and predictive models for how this brain works, then make a prediction of what it would do when a set of neurons suddenly falls still? These types of hypotheses need to be tested, and optogenetic tools such as channelrhodopsin and 2 4 • A hre ns halorhodopsin, capable of exciting and silencing neurons when hit by different colors of light, allow for this and have already been used in a series of elegant studies that explore the causal role of genetically or anatomically defined neuronal populations.
This underlines the challenges that lie ahead for understanding a one- hundred-thousand-neuron system. How does one extract principles of brain function from recordings of this network? Computational neuroscientists, such as our collaborator Jeremy Freeman, are actively working on methods for analyzing the ever-larger datasets that neuroscience generates. The more data we have about the nervous system, the tighter we can constrain models of it. In a real sense, whole-brain imaging with behavior, and computational neuroscience, are perfect partners (see chapters by Shenoy and Freeman, this volume).
It is the organ responsible for behavior, memory, and perception, including that most mysterious of all phenomena, consciousness. Neuroscience, the discipline that seeks to understand the principles underlying the brain’s operation, has over the past century and a half of its history uncovered its constitutive elements—membrane channels, synapses, and nerve cells. Yet their stunning heterogeneity, sheer numbers, and the breathtaking diversity in which they are assembled has resisted reductionist understanding of anything but minute aspects of its behavior.