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By J. Michael Francis, Kathleen M. Kole

Publication through Francis, J. Michael, Kole, Kathleen M.

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Extra resources for Murder and Martyrdom in Spanish Florida: Don Juan and the Guale Uprising of 1597

Sample text

If the Spanish understood the Indians’ acceptance of exotic gifts as an act of “rendering obedience” to the Crown, most Spaniards also understood that “obedience” had its limitations. In 1593, Florida’s royal accountant Bartolomé de Argüelles and the city’s treasurer, Pedro Menéndez Marqués, both petitioned the Council of the Indies in Spain to issue a decree mandating that Christianized Indians follow Spanish laws of inheritance and that all titles, property, and offices pass from father to eldest son.

85 This would be the last time that Governor Méndez would see don Juanillo alive. For St. Augustine’s new governor, the arrival of so many regional chiefs must have seemed an ideal beginning. In the first month of his governorship, more than a dozen regional caciques had come to St. Augustine to “render their obedience” to the Spanish Crown and to Governor Méndez as its representative. From Guale territory alone, the mico mayor from Tolomato, his heir don Juanillo, and several other important regional caciques had all traveled to St.

Within an hour of reading Fray Fernández’s letter, the governor dispatched a small squadron of Spanish soldiers to San Pedro, with orders to protect its Indian inhabitants and the two friars stationed there. He then assembled an even larger force of Spanish soldiers and Indian allies; just 10 days later, on October 17, 1597, Governor Méndez and his men landed at San Pedro to initiate the investigation into the uprising and punish those responsible. Over the next two days, Florida’s governor recorded the testimonies of several of San Pedro’s Indians, including the island’s cacique, don Juan.

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