By John T. Chalcraft
This booklet charts new instructions in Egyptian social historical past, offering the 1st systematic account of variation and protest between crafts and repair staff in Egypt within the 19th and early 20th centuries. utilizing a wealth of latest assets, John T. Chalcraft demanding situations traditional notions of craft stagnation and decline by means of convalescing the mostly unknown histories of crafts staff' restructuring within the face of worldwide fiscal integration, and their petitions, demonstrations, and strikeaction at a time of statebuilding and colonial rule. Chalcraft demonstrates the industrial significance of petty manufacturers and repair companies, and tells the tale of frequent collective statement couched in new discourses of citizenship and nationalism. He additionally supplies a brand new interpretation of the tip of the guilds in Egypt and addresses greater debates approximately unevenness lower than capitalism.
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Additional info for The Striking Cabbies of Cairo and Other Stories: Crafts and Guilds in Egypt, 1863-1914
Example text
Significantly enough, in 1820 and 1821, the Pasha, in collaboration with a Frenchman, Jumel, introduced the cultivation of long-staple cotton for sale on foreign markets. Further, between 1816 and the late 1830s, searching for revenue and munitions, the Pasha attempted a program of industrialization. He also developed the apparatus of government, established schools to train bureaucrats and military personnel, and brought the religious establishment under state control. On the basis of his newfound strength, Mehmet Ali launched a bid for empire which brought him into direct conflict with European power.
72 1 Crafts and Guilds before 1863 ĆćĆćĆćĆćĆćĆćĆćĆć T he patterns of restructuring and collective action in which I am interested had their origins in the first half of the nineteenth century. During these decades, the projection of European power overseas, state building, and unequal world economic integration started to alter the conditions under which crafts and service workers pursued their livelihoods in Egypt’s towns and cities. Market relations began to deepen, consumption tastes started to change, and certain trades in particular areas started to come under pressure from imports, prompting the beginnings of a new kind of craft restructuring in response to new opportunities and tougher competition.
Guilds could hold the monopoly over a particular trade in a particular location, solve disputes, contract labor, distribute raw materials, levy dues, punish members, organize ceremonies for admission and promotion, remit taxes to the government, implement government regulations and requisitions, parade through the streets at certain public festivals, and organize mutual help. These many functions, however, were rarely present together in the same guild, a fact which has contributed to the controversy over the nature of the guilds.