By Jules Janick
Content:
Chapter 1 Reproductive Biology of Rhododendron (pages 1–68): E. G. Williams, J. L. Rouse, B. F. Palser and R. B. Knox
Chapter 2 Postharvest Biology of unpolluted Asparagus (pages 69–155): Werner J. Lipton
Chapter three Tropical Root and Tuber plants (pages 157–196): Stephen ok. O'Hair
Chapter four The Cowpea: creation, usage, and study within the usa (pages 197–222): Richard L. Fery
Chapter five Flowering of Deciduous Perennial Fruit vegetation (pages 223–264): Margaret Sedgley
Chapter 6 Apple bushes: Morphology and Anatomy (pages 265–305): Charlotte Pratt
Chapter 7 Acquisition and usage of Carbon, Mineral food, and Water by way of the Kiwifruit Vine (pages 307–347): J. G. Buwalda and G. S. Smith
Chapter eight Citrus Flowering (pages 349–408): T. L. Davenport
Chapter nine The California Fig (pages 409–490): Louise Ferguson, Themis J. Michailides and Harry H. Shorey
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Sample text
The mature embryo (Fig. 20E) is of the linear type (Martin 1946); it is small, with two short cotyledons flanking a minute shoot apex (Yakobson 1976). The suspensor remains a uniseriate, filamentous structure which may contain up to 7-8 cells, and becomes contorted during the later stages of embryo development. The primary endosperm nucleus begins development in the first few days after fertilization, well before the zygote (Fig. 20B) (VeilletBartoszewska 1959; Palser et al. 1971, 1989a; Kaul et al.
F. PALSER, AND R. B. KNOX Fig. 17. Reproductive nuclei in pollen tubes of Rhododendron (from Kaul et al. 1987). A-C. R. macgregoriae (RVEJ), in vitro grown pollen tubes stained with DAPI for DNA and viewed with fluorescence optics; showing diffuse vegetative nucleus (vn) and brightly fluorescent generative cell nucleus (gc) or sperm cell nuclei (sc). In B, a fine cross wall between sperm cells is marked by arrow. D-G. R. Iaetum (RVEJ), D. Three-dimensional model of generative cell in mature pollen grain, showing two long, cytoplasmic tails.
Shivanna et al. (1988)isolated sperm cells of R. macgregoriae (RVEJ)by osmotic shock or macerozyme/cellulase treatment of pollen tubes growing out into a nutrient solution from the cut stumps of pollinated styles. While osmotic shock released sperms from about 30% of tubes, the enzyme treatment gave over 90% dissolution of tube tips within one hour, and many of the sperms remained linked in pairs by a circular flattened area of shared wall. Compared to the in situ electron microscope image, isolated sperms appeared to have rounded off as ellipsoidal bodies lacking connections to the vegetative nucleus.