By Malcolm Wanklyn
An army historical past of the English Civil conflict examines how the civil conflict was once received, who fought for whom, and why it ended. With a simple variety and transparent chronology that permits readers to make their very own decisions and pursue their very own pursuits extra, this unique background presents a radical critique of the explanations which were brought up for Parliament's victory and the King's defeat in 1645/46. It discusses the strategic recommendations of the Parliamentary and Royalist commanders and councils of struggle and analyses the selections they made, arguing that the King's defective command constitution used to be extra liable for his defeat than Sir Thomas Fairfax's strategic aptitude. It additionally argues that the way in which that assets have been used, instead of the assets themselves, clarify why the warfare ended while it did.
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Extra info for A Military History of the English Civil War: 1642-1646
Sample text
This, combined with the newly devised powder cartridge containing the musket ball and its propellant, meant that the rate of fire of the musketeer doubled, and tactics were formulated to make full use of the improvements. First, Gustavus took advantage of the increased speed of reloading to deploy his musketeers in formations only six deep. He also exploited the three-foot space that was traditionally allotted to each musketeer by training them to ‘double their files’, that is for the second, fourth and sixth ranks to move into the gaps in the first, third and fifth when they fired.
On nearing the target the front rank fired its pistols before swinging away in a 180-degree turn to the rear of the column, where it reloaded while moving forward towards the head of the column once more, when it repeated the manoeuvre. 16 This orderly and slightly sedate set of tactical routines for infantry and cavalry changed through a series of major innovations that began in the late sixteenth century during the Dutch Wars of Independence. Prince Maurice of Nassau, the Dutch generalissimo, came to the conclusion that his army needed to break from orthodox, but in its case unsuccessful, battlefield practice if it was to defeat its superbly trained and equipped Spanish opponents.
Yet what is really significant is that the king failed to concentrate his best cavalry in the same manner. The regiments that worsted Waller’s army at Cropredy Bridge and turned the tide at the second battle of Newbury were in Somerset when Naseby was fought. 33 We conclude that the advantages that both sides enjoyed in terms of resources ebbed and flowed as the war progressed and were not overwhelmingly weighted in Parliament’s favour by the start of the 1645 campaigning season. qxd 17/09/2004 12:40 Page 22 INTRODUCTION not before or after, must therefore concentrate on the ways in which both sides used the resources they had at their disposal between July 1642 and July 1645.