By Greg Schmergel (eds.)
The US within the Nineties faces a replaced international, a global that demands new views on overseas coverage. The authors learn a few of the serious questions that American policymakers will face in coming years, together with: how should still the USA react to Gorbachev's reforms of the Soviet Union?
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He has also exhibited a more personalized diplomacy, as demonstrated by the growing relationship he developed with President Reagan. The foreign policy debate among Gorbachev's advisors is increasingly moving toward the view that the growing diffusion of power away from the superpowers in the international world requires the Soviet Union to seek improvements in its relations with the People's Republic of China, Japan, Western Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America. Also evident is a deemphasis (although not a disappearance) of Marxist-Leninist ideology as a guidepost to understanding foreign affairs, including rejection of the formerly enshrined dogma that class struggle should be the foundation for the conduct of Soviet foreign policy.
Radical restructuring of the economy, with a focus on the use of market mechanisms, a reduction in state control of economic decisions, leasing of state agricultural lands to private individuals and the expansion of foreign trade and investment is being promoted as critical to moving the Soviet Union from a country of inefficient, extensive economic development to productive, intensive development. A flowering of literature, art, and music has been sanctioned. The possibility of religious values serving a positive role in the life of socialist society has been advanced and promoted.
A healthier US and world economy requires that Washington have more than monetary tools. Simply put, the budget deficit, and with it interest rates, must be lowered. The investment climate must be altered from the short term to the longer term. Action on this problem will condition the reaction of our allies to American economic leadership, and failure to act will carry the most serious consequences in the political and security realms. President Bush's primary task is to shift the deficit toward gradual but certain elimination, thereby setting the stage for a balanced fiscal and monetary policy that reduces real interest rates.