Read or Download U.S. Department of Energy. Fundamentals Handbook. Fluid flow PDF
Similar thermodynamics and statistical mechanics books
The query of the way reversible microscopic equations of movement may end up in irreversible macroscopic behaviour has been one of many crucial matters in statistical mechanics for greater than a century. the fundamental concerns have been recognized to Gibbs. Boltzmann carried out a truly public debate with Loschmidt and others with no passable solution.
Complex Dynamics of Glass-Forming Liquids: A Mode-Coupling Theory
The booklet includes the single to be had entire presentation of the mode-coupling concept (MCT) of complicated dynamics of glass-forming beverages, dense polymer melts, and colloidal suspensions. It describes in a self-contained demeanour the derivation of the MCT equations of movement and explains that the latter outline a version for a statistical description of non-linear dynamics.
Statistical thermodynamics and microscale thermophysics
Many fascinating new advancements in microscale engineering are in line with the appliance of conventional rules of statistical thermodynamics. during this textual content Van Carey deals a latest view of thermodynamics, interweaving classical and statistical thermodynamic rules and utilizing them to present engineering platforms.
- Evolution and Structure of the Internet: A Statistical Physics Approach
- Thermodynamics and Kinetics in Materials Science: A Short Course
- Kinetic theory of particles and photons
- Wärme- und Stoffübertragung
- Physics and probability: essays in honor of E.T.Jaynes
- Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena, Vol. 18
Extra info for U.S. Department of Energy. Fundamentals Handbook. Fluid flow
Sample text
The Reynolds number, based on studies of Osborn Reynolds, is a dimensionless number comprised of the physical characteristics of the flow. Equation 3-7 is used to calculate the Reynolds number (NR) for fluid flow. NR = ρ v D / µ gc Rev. 2 ft-lbm/lbf-sec2) For practical purposes, if the Reynolds number is less than 2000, the flow is laminar. If it is greater than 3500, the flow is turbulent. Flows with Reynolds numbers between 2000 and 3500 are sometimes referred to as transitional flows. Most fluid systems in nuclear facilities operate with turbulent flow.
The heat source must be at a lower elevation than the heat sink. As shown by the example of the balloon, a warmer fluid is less dense and will tend to rise, and a cooler fluid is more dense and will tend to sink. To take advantage of the natural movement of warm and cool fluids, the heat source and heat sink must be at the proper elevations. HT-03 Page 38 Rev. 0 Fluid Flow NATURAL CIRCULATION The two areas must be in contact so that flow between the areas is possible. If the flow path is obstructed or blocked, then natural circulation cannot occur.
The control volume concept is used in fluid dynamics applications, utilizing the continuity, momentum, and energy principles mentioned at the beginning of this chapter. Once the control volume and its boundary are established, the various forms of energy crossing the boundary with the fluid can be dealt with in equation form to solve the fluid problem. Since fluid flow problems usually treat a fluid crossing the boundaries of a control volume, the control volume approach is referred to as an "open" system analysis, which is similar to the concepts studied in thermodynamics.