By Bruce M. Z. Cohen
This ebook bargains a entire Marxist critique of the enterprise of psychological overall healthiness, demonstrating how the prerogatives of neoliberal capitalism for efficient, self-governing voters have allowed the discourse on psychological disease to extend past the psychiatric establishment into many formerly untouched components of private and non-private existence together with the house, tuition and the office. via old and modern research of psy-professional knowledge-claims and practices, Bruce Cohen exhibits how the extension of psychiatric authority can merely be totally comprehended in the course of the systematic theorising of strength family inside capitalist society. From schizophrenia and hysteria to Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity sickness and Borderline character illness, from spinning chairs and lobotomies to surprise remedy and antidepressants, from the incarceration of operating classification ladies within the 19th century to the torture of prisoners of the ‘war on terror’ within the twenty-first, Psychiatric Hegemony is an uncompromising account of psychological overall healthiness ideology in neoliberal society.
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Extra info for Psychiatric Hegemony: A Marxist Theory of Mental Illness
Example text
And that is its true context, its destiny. A useful example of psychiatry’s expanding moral role with industrial society can be seen in Fig. 1 which shows an original record of incarceration for the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum (in the city of Weston, West Virginia), from when it opened in 1864 until 1889. Reasons for admission include “bad whiskey,” “desertion by husband,” “immoral life,” “laziness,” “novel reading,” “politics,” and “uterine derangement”. In the name of “public hygiene,” behaviour considered as deviant or threatening to the industrial elites was pathologised by the mad doctors.
It is recorded that this specific surgical intervention did not vanish from asylums until the 1950s (Whitaker 2010b: 79). In another ironic twist in the history of mental illness, at the same time as psychiatry was utilising radical interventions to stop disobedient women from masturbating and gaining sexual pleasure outside of the confines of heterosexual marriage, there were colleagues in private practice who—in the name of psychiatric treatment and advances in medicine—were masturbating their “frigid” and matrimonially unsatisfied “hysterical” patients to orgasm.
This example allows us to identify specific economic and ideological concerns of the ruling classes embedded 2 Marxist Theory and Mental Illness: A Critique of Political... 39 Fig. 1 Reasons for Admission to the Trans-Allegheny Lunatic Asylum, 1864–1889 in the construction of the mental illness. As Szasz (2000: 35) has noted, masturbation was useful to psychiatric expansionism insofar as the “disorder” could be potentially applied to the entire population. Children and adults, males and females could all be caught in the masturbatory insanity net; the classification was a clear case of the mad doctors medicalising deviant behaviour.