Download Nature's Numbers: The Unreal Reality Of Mathematics by Ian Stewart PDF

By Ian Stewart

Publish 12 months note: First released in 1995
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"It seems to us that the universe is dependent in a deeply mathematical means. Falling our bodies fall with predictable accelerations. Eclipses might be appropriately forecast centuries prematurely. Nuclear strength vegetation generate electrical energy in accordance with famous formulation. yet these examples are the end of the iceberg. In Nature's Numbers, Ian Stewart provides many extra, every one captivating in its personal way.. Stewart admirably captures compelling and obtainable mathematical principles besides the excitement of considering them. He writes with readability and precision. those that take pleasure in this type of factor will love this book."—Los Angeles Times

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Additional info for Nature's Numbers: The Unreal Reality Of Mathematics

Sample text

In this chapter, I will 31 323232 NATURE'S NUMBERS try to show you some of the others and explain why they, too, are important. Inevitably my starting point has to be numbers. A large part of the early prehistory of mathematics can be summed up as the discovery, by various civilizations, of a wider and wider range of things that deserved to be called numbers. The simplest are the numbers we use for counting. In fact, counting began long before there were symbols like 1, 2, 3, because it is possible to count without using numbers at all—say, by counting on your fingers.

It can grow most easily in the direction along which the open rim of the shell points, because the shell gets in its way if it tries to grow in any other direction. But, having grown a bit, it needs to extend its shell as well, for self-protection. So, of course, the shell grows an extra ring of material around its rim. As this process continues, the animal is getting bigger, so the size of the rim grows. The simplest result is a conical shell, such as you find on a limpet. But if the whole system starts with a W H A T M A T H E M A T I C S IS FOR bit of a twist, as is quite likely, then the growing edge of the shell rotates slowly as well as expanding, and it rotates in an off-centered manner.

Our world rests on mathematical foundations, and mathematics is unavoidably embedded in our global culture. The only reason we don't always realize just how strongly our lives are affected by mathematics is that, for sensible reasons, it is kept as far as possible behind the scenes. When you go to the travel agent and book a vacation, you don't need to understand the intricate mathematical and physical theories that make it possible to design computers and telephone lines, the optimization routines that schedule as many flights as possible around any particular airport, or the signal-processing methods used to provide accurate radar images for the pilots.

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