By J. K. Wing
This booklet reviews the connection among institutionalism and schizophrenia within the lives of psychological sufferers. The authors saw schizophrenic sufferers in 3 various psychological hospitals over a interval of 8 years. Their conclusions are vital for the higher administration of associations and for the way forward for extra-mural psychological health and wellbeing prone. The lives of long term schizophrenic sufferers are strictly constrained by means of their institutionalised environments, which frequently produce unwanted effects. for instance, sufferers are in particular prone to social understimulation, reacing with apathy and withdrawal. at the confident facet, signs resembling delusions and hallucinations may very well lessen in the course of institutionalisation. The attention-grabbing method of the optimistic and unwanted effects of institutionalisation on schizophrenics will provide this ebook a large readership in psychiatry, social psychology and the social sciences in addition to between social employees, nurses and occupational therapists.
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Extra resources for Institutionalism and Schizophrenia: A Comparative Study of Three Mental Hospitals 1960-1968
Sample text
Ward meetings) 19 Whether current newspapers were supplied 20 Whether Radio Times was supplied 21 Whether patients were able to lock lavatory door 22 Whether baths were screened from other patients 3 THE THREE MENTAL HOSPITALS The medical, nursing and occupational-therapy staff at all three hospitals were very willing to collaborate in the study. Much of the material collected was descriptive as well as quantitative and some of it will be presented in Chapter 8. However, the book would be incomplete without a general account of the hospitals themselves and, in particular, of the policies and intentions of the most influential people—the physician superintendents.
It is more difficult to define the 'primary' disabilities in schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions since the relevant theories of normal functioning are not yet developed, but certain motor difficulties (such as slowness), and psycho-physiological abnormalities (of skin conductance, for example, or two-flash threshold) have been described and confirmed. It is useful as a working arrangement to take certain of the chronic symptoms of schizophrenia as an indication of the presence of primary disabilities, although they are often elaborated and complicated by other elements in the patient's personal and social life.
A more gradual change has also been postulated (Wing and Brown, 1961). It may be suggested that many schizophrenic patients are biologically vulnerable to under-stimulating environments and liable to respond by a marked increase in social withdrawal. Even a symptom like flatness of affect, according to this theory, is not necessarily immutable but, in many patients, will be dependent on the social milieu. Observations of this kind presumably also explain the disappearance of catatonic motor phenomena from mental hospitals (AchtS, 1961) even before the introduction of the new drugs while, at the same time, warning that they could just as readily return if social and biological therapies were withdrawn.