By Max Weber
This e-book, the final paintings of the nice German sociologist and historian Max Weber (1864–1920), is predicated on a sequence of lectures he introduced in 1919–20. the current quantity brings jointly significant principles that designate monetary existence and alter. starting with descriptions and analyses of the early agrarian structures, half One takes the reader in the course of the manorial method, the guilds, and early capitalism as built on plantations and different estates. half considers the commercial association of and mining, whereas half 3 discusses the advance of trade, technical specifications for transporting items, and banking platforms. The final part surveys, between different issues, the evolution of capitalism and the capitalistic spirit. it is also Weber's well-known dialogue of the connection of faith to the cultural background of capitalism. this wonderful English-language model of a piece well known for its interpretive brilliance, is meant for college students of the social sciences in addition to common readers.
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Example text
21 This principle is identical with the general evolutionary law of Herbert Spencer,22 but the application is new. In a strict sense, it is no longer a law of evolution, but a principle of classification. How ever, it must be remembered that this classification is a psycholog ical one. According to Rossi, the difference between collective psychology and sociology is that collective psychology is con cerned with the collective mind, and sociology with the physical structure, the body, of human association.
IV Once the crowd is viewed as a new collective being, its characteristics can be considered. The individuals who compose a crowd exhibit different characteristics, depending upon whether they are acting alone or are united in the crowd. Those traits peculiar to individuals when they were united in a crowd were called “ crowd characteristics” by Le Bon. As Le Bon sees them, these crowd characteristics are: 1. Heightened emotional sensitivity, impetuosity and capri ciousness. The individual by himself can be subjected to the same stimuli as the man in a crowd, but the individual’s intellect makes him alert to the results of his actions, and he suppresses the dan gerous impulses.
37 Sidis, Psychology of Suggestion, pp. 310-11. “ Man is a social animal, no doubt, but he is social because he is suggestible. Blind obedience is a social virtue. But blind obedience is the very essence of suggestibility, the constitution of the disaggregated sub-waking self. ” 20 THE CROWD AND THE PUBLIC vast migration of peoples, the Crusades, and the French Revolu tion. They serve as examples of the spatial and temporal effects of the social epidemic. Here the crowd appears as a great revolu tionary force which shakes and overturns a whole civilization.