By James R. Robertson
The exam of human hair within the forensic technology environment is a hugely professional self-discipline. This quantity brings jointly for the 1st time all facets of hair exam. Contributions have come from a global panel of specialists.
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Extra info for Forensic Examination of Hair
Sample text
8 Electron micrograph of a stained transverse section of a keratinized human hair’s cortical cell, a region called the orthocortex. The packing mode of the keratin IF (microfibrils) and matrix into macrofibrils has the appearance of ‘whorls’ that resemble fingerprints. 1 µm. (Courtesy of Dr. Jones) 1956; Swift, 1977), but the size and shape are quite variable (Zviak and Dawber, 1986). Generally they are situated in the inter-macrofibrillar matrix with their long axis parallel to the length of the hair (Swift, 1977).
This is a hydrophobic membranous layer about 10 nm thick. It forms the immediate outer surface of the hair. , 1994). , 1994). The 18-MEA is also part of the intercellular cement layer (d-band) which binds the overlapping cuticle cells. Damage to the cells causes splitting of this cementing layer and exposes a fresh cuticle cell surface with its 18-MEA layer intact. The cuticle has functions other than just protecting the cortex. The hair surface shows ‘directional friction’ (friction is less going in the direction from root to tip than in the opposite direction) due to the imbricated arrangement of the scales (Swift, 1977).
9). They are sometimes also found in the medulla, but not usually in the cuticle of scalp hair (Hausman, 1927; Swift, 1977; Robbins, 1988). There are fewer coloured granules in greying hair and none in white hair (Szabo, 1965). , 1988), but the DNA of the original chromatin is not visible (Rogers, 1969) and there has been some conjecture as to whether DNA is completely removed or broken down (Swift, 1977). The early work of Downes et al. (1966) suggested that the DNA was broken down during keratinization and resorbed, but Kalbe et al.