By Joost Dekker (auth.), Joost Dekker (eds.)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the best 10 of so much disabling illnesses within the Western global. it's the significant explanation for soreness and incapacity one of the aged. This booklet offers a contextual overview of modern examine on neuromuscular elements and behavioral probability elements for practical decline in OA, with a unique emphasis on explanatory mechanisms. furthermore, the booklet discusses leading edge techniques to workout and actual job in OA, derived from learn on behavioral and neuromuscular danger components for practical decline in OA. contemporary learn has proven that neuromuscular components (such as muscle power, joint laxity) and behavioral components (such as avoidance of task, depressed temper) are expecting ache and incapacity in OA. in addition, workout and actual job are one of the dominant interventions aiming at decreasing ache and incapacity, and cutting edge interventions concentrating on neuromuscular and behavioral interventions were lately built. This examine has been released as separate papers, with the outcome that the sector is wanting an integrative contextual overview that places the study into theoretical perspective.
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Rehabilitation experts, future health psychologists, gerontologists, rheumatologists, ache specialists
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Sample text
There is no difference in efficacy between various agents. Efficacy is dose dependent [4]. NSAIDs are associated with significantly more side effects than acetaminophen [24]. These agents can cause, for example, serious gastrointestinal (GI) side effects like peptic ulcers, perforations, and bleeds. In patients with increased GI risk, either a COX-2 selective agent or a nonselective NSAID with coprescription of a proton-pump inhibitor or misoprostol for gastroprotection should be considered [25].
The predictive value of age was further confirmed by the recent systematic review of Chapple et al. in knee OA [21]. In that review, it was concluded that older age is a strong predictor of both future joint degeneration and activity limitations. 4 Risk Factors for Functional Decline in Osteoarthritis of the Knee or Hip 43 Gender. Conflicting results were found regarding the association between gender and functional decline in the systematic review of van Dijk et al. [6]. In three more recent studies investigating gender as a risk factor, women were found to show more functional decline than men [3, 12, 18].
Lancet 377(9783):2115–2126 11. Dillon CF, Rasch EK, Gu Q, Hirsch R (2006) Prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in the United States: arthritis data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1991–94. J Rheumatol 33(11):2271–2279 12. Jordan JM, Helmick CG, Renner JB, Luta G, Dragomir AD, Woodard J et al (2007) Prevalence of knee symptoms and radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in African Americans and Caucasians: the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. J Rheumatol 34(1):172–180 13.