By Sherry Rochester
This publication is a research of discourse-the movement of talk-of schizophrenic audio system. Our aim is to appreciate the techniques which account for the normal circulate of speak that occurs for all time among audio system and lis teners. How do conversations occur? what's wanted through a listener to persist with a speaker's phrases and reply competently to them? How a lot can a speaker take with no consideration and what sort of has to be said explicitly for the listener to stick with the speaker's meanings conveniently and simply? whenever we ask those questions, we appear to have to return to a couple position ahead of the "ordinary" grownup dialog. This time, we've got attempted reversing the questions and asking: What occurs whilst conversa tion fails? brought on partially by means of an early paper by means of Robin Lakoff to the Chi cago Linguistics Society and through Herb Clark's experiences of listener procedures, we puzzled what a speaker has to do to make the listener ultimately cease making allowances and forestall attempting to regulate the conversational agreement to cooperate. This inquiry led us to the schizophrenic speaker. whilst a listener makes a decision that the speaker's speak is "crazy," she or he is giving up at the common kind of dialog and asserting, in influence, this speak is ex traordinary and anything is incorrect. We concept that, if lets specify what makes a talk fail, we'd research what should be current for a talk to succeed.
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Extra info for Crazy Talk: A Study of the Discourse of Schizophrenic Speakers
Sample text
In the next few years, it is likely that the computer systems for analyzing discourse will be applied to schizophrenic speech. Gottschalk and ~Pleasure" 38 Chapter 1 his colleagues (1975) have already begun this effort. But if their experience is a fair guide, even these techniques are rather far from human coders' decisions. Hirsch and Leff (1975) commented in their review of Singer and Wynne (1965): "The magnitude of Singer's accomplishment in these studies is truly remarkable" (p. 75). Those who study schizophrenic speakers are attempting to transform the clinician's truly remarkable skill into explicit criteria of judgment that describe the speaker's behavior.
By tying these categories to events within and between sentences, the authors suggest a way of rooting notions of the comprehensibility of the speaker to specific discourse events. Instead of talking only about ideas being "vague and wooly," they suggest some concrete ways in which this "wooliness" might be manifested. There are problems in extrapolating from this study. Briefly, one must note that a single rater coded the texts (though the authors assert that interrater reliability was satisfactorily established, they give no details about this); the categories still rely to a considerable extent on the rater's intuition; and the parametric statistics used were probably not appropriate for the data.
Two theoretical problems result from a focus on deviant features in 26 Chapter 1 a corpus. First, a workable theory about schizophrenic speakers cannot be developed because one knows only what speakers cannot do and not what they can do. And secondly, even the speakers' failures are difficult to formulate without a baseline of overall behavior. Thus, the construction of a general model of the speaker is precluded, and the notion of deviant features is left rather undefined. These theoretical problems may not seem serious because naturalistic studies, after all, are primarily initial data collection procedures.