By Jeanette Keith
Utilizing the Tennessee antievolution 'Monkey Law,' authored through an area legislator, as a degree of ways conservatives effectively resisted, co-opted, or neglected reform efforts, Jeanette Keith explores conflicts over the which means and value of growth in Tennessee's hill nation from 1890 to 1925.Until the Eighteen Nineties, the higher Cumberland used to be ruled through small farmers who favorite constrained govt and company neighborhood regulate of church buildings and colleges. Farm males managed their households' hard work and antagonistic monetary hazard taking; farm girls married younger, had huge households, and produced a lot of the family's sustenance. however the arrival of the railroad in 1890 reworked the neighborhood financial system. Farmers battled city dwellers for keep an eye on of group associations, whereas Progressives referred to as for cultural, political, and financial modernization. Keith demonstrates how those conflicts affected the region's mobilization for global warfare I, and he or she argues that via the Twenties transferring gender roles and employment styles threatened traditionalists' cultural hegemony. in keeping with Keith, faith performed an enormous function within the adjustment to modernity, and native humans united to aid the 'Monkey legislation' as a manner of confirming their conventional non secular values.
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Extra resources for Country people in the new south: Tennessee's Upper Cumberland
Sample text
11 Chickens provided the most reliable source of protein for the farm kitchen. Fried or boiled with dumplings, chicken was the centerpiece of "company" dinners. Eggs in some form boosted the food value of everyday meals. Eggs were fried or scrambled for breakfast, stirred into cornbread batter, or beaten into cakes or pies for dessert. Old recipes for regional favorites like chess pie or pound cake, which call for as many as a half-dozen eggs per pie or cake, seem clearly designed to use up a surplus of eggs.
To understand the mainstream, we need to know more about the history of the hinterland. The Butler law indicates that the relationship between rural and urban in American culture also could benefit from a closer look. Conventionally we assume that mass culture (seen as urban, dynamic, secular, tolerant, fast paced, and consumerist) achieved national hegemony in the 1920s; ever since, rural ways have been under attack and in decline. But the present-day national culture wars echo conflicts about gender roles, parental control over education, and religion that were fought in remote Tennessee counties at the beginning of this century.
Although farmers could sell directly to produce houses, for most the store served as entry point to the national market economy. 19 The relationship between farmer and merchant in the Upper Cumberland differed significantly from that described as typical of the cotton South. Although they sold farm supplies, Upper Cumberland merchants were not typically furnishing merchants. That is, farmers did not usually have to buy from them before they could start the annual crop, nor was the crop-lien system common in the region.