By Herbert Gottweis
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Extra info for The Global Politics of Human Embryonic Stem Cell Science: Regenerative Medicine in Transition
Sample text
Possibilities include 1. Commercially developed therapeutic applications: The public discourse about hESC lines emphasizes their potential for tissue repair and regeneration. However, there are currently few clinical trials for non-hematopoietic stem cells, and none for ESCs. The US company Geron had carried out toxicity trials for an hESC product to treat spinal cord injury and hopes to be in phase-one clinical trials with human subjects by 2008 (Edwards, 2007). Considerable doubt remains over clinical applications in the short to medium term, and clinicians are particularly concerned about tumor formation (Snyder Embryos, Oocytes, Cell Lines 37 and Vescovi, 2000), the control of differentiation and the non-reversible nature of cellular transplant therapy.
The life sciences in short presented themselves as ideal instruments to states in late-modern crises of legitimation. (2005b, pp. 36–7) HESC research also presents possibilities and hopes for health and welfare budget containment, an attractive prospect to states concerned with balancing budgets. As we noted in the introduction, regenerative medicine has the potential to reduce disabilities associated with ageing populations and extend working life. An OECD workshop into healthy ageing identifies leading-edge biotechnological innovation as the best means to improve aged health, not only increasing longevity but also disability-free years.
As Waldby has argued elsewhere (Waldby and Mitchell, 2006), the hESC line is a highly disentangled entity compared with the IVF embryo from which it was derived. Whereas the IVF embryo is caught up in a dense web of reproduction, family relations and social controversy, a gradual process of purification – donation to clinic and then to laboratory, disaggregation, immortalization, passage – transforms the embryo into a more properly anonymized, scientific object. It becomes a neutral, validated entity, denatured of its local significance.