By Margaret S. Archer
Margaret Archer develops right here her morphogenetic strategy, heralded in tradition and enterprise (CUP, 1988), and applies it to the matter of constitution and company, that's, how we either form society and are formed by means of it. Her goal is to trap the interaction among those approaches instead of cave in them into one, as has been the case with the normal competing individualist and collectivist methodologies. The morphogenetic technique deals a brand new knowing of social swap and poses a right away problem to Giddens' structuration conception.
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Extra info for Realist Social Theory: The Morphogenetic Approach
Example text
11 There are two serious ontological objections to this procedure. On the one hand, in what recognizable sense are we still talking about 'the individual' when he or she has now been burdened with so many inalienable features of both social and natural reality (cultural systems, socio-cultural relations, 9 10 Watkins, 'Methodological individualism', pp. 270-1. Goldstein, 'Two theses', p. 286. This point plays an important part in the debate, for Watkins contends that 'Mandelbaum is able to prove the existence of what he calls "societal facts" because he defines psychological facts very narrowly as "facts concerning the thoughts and actions of specific human beings".
The reciprocal regulation which I am arguing obtains between ontology and methodology is one which obviously has to work in both directions. Thus when a Collectivist explanation, containing 'group variables' seems to be powerful, or even unavoidable (containing irreducible references to social entities like 'banking'), then methodology has raised a question for ontology. What is at issue is the ontological status of the entities denoted by the collective terms. Collectivists were shyly tentative about drawing robust ontological conclusions from the frequent success of their explanatory programme.
Ontology, I am arguing, acts as both gatekeeper and bouncer for methodology. '. However, in the Individualist/Collectivist and Methodological Individualist/Methodological Collectivist debates, the nexus between the two is so tight that the stern voice of Individualistic ontology asserts that its own explanatory programme, containing only concepts referring to individuals, 'must work in principle'. Equally it insists that its opponents' explanations deal in unacceptable terms (reified entities, social substances or unreduced group properties) and therefore must be rejected out of hand because of this.