Download Mountains by Peter Aleshire, Geoffrey H. Nash PDF

By Peter Aleshire, Geoffrey H. Nash

This ebook takes readers on a globe-spanning journey of dramatic mountain formations, from block mountains to volcanic sea mountains to high-altitude-landform "sky islands." The direct textual content invitations awareness to the complexity of those peaks, their altering nature, and comparable environmental concerns. stronger with assets for extra research, "Mountains" additionally contains a selection of vibrant pictures and line illustrations, in addition to a beautiful eight-page, full-color insert, bound to trap the browser's eye.

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The sea first formed in the late Triassic and early Jurassic as a result of this dance of the plates. Some 2 million years ago, further shifts in the crust closed off the Mediterranean’s connection to the Atlantic. Now a vast, salty lake with no connection to the sea, the Mediterranean eventually evaporated. This left massive salt flats some two or three miles below sea level. Known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis, this event had a dramatic impact on the Alps, which then probably rivaled Mount Everest in height.

Some 2 million years ago, further shifts in the crust closed off the Mediterranean’s connection to the Atlantic. Now a vast, salty lake with no connection to the sea, the Mediterranean eventually evaporated. This left massive salt flats some two or three miles below sea level. Known as the Messinian Salinity Crisis, this event had a dramatic impact on the Alps, which then probably rivaled Mount Everest in height. Suddenly, the streams cutting into the Alps had a descent of an extra two or three miles (3 or 5 km), which enormously increased their erosive power.

Climate experts still do not fully understand why these tremen- The Alps G 39 dous planetwide cold spells occurred periodically over a 2-million-year span up until about 10,000 years ago. Most suspect some variation in the Sun’s output perhaps synchronized with small variations in the Earth’s orbit and tilt towards the Sun. The most recent ice age ended 10,000 years ago. Evidence suggests that the glaciers that had advanced out of the Alps down onto the low-lying areas retreated abruptly with the warming of the planet, melting and moving back up into the mountains in a geological blink of an eye of 200 to 300 years.

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