By Paul T. Miller
The struggle industries linked to international conflict II introduced unprecedented employment possibilities for African americans in San Francisco, a urban whose African American inhabitants grew by means of over 650% among 1940 and 1945. With this inhabitants elevate got here a rise in racial discrimination directed at African americans, basically within the employment and housing sectors. In San Francisco, such a lot African american citizens have been successfully barred from renting or procuring houses in all yet a number of neighborhoods and, with the exception of the well-educated and fortunate, employment possibilities have been open in near-entry degrees for white-collar positions or in unskilled and semi-skilled blue-collar positions. As San Francisco's African American inhabitants accelerated, civil rights teams shaped coalitions to wooden and protest, thereby successfully increasing task possibilities and establishing the housing marketplace for African American San Franciscans. This booklet describes and explains a number of the stumbling blocks and triumphs confronted and accomplished in components equivalent to housing, employment, schooling and civil rights. It reaches throughout disciplines from African American reviews and heritage into city experiences and sociology.
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Additional info for The Postwar Struggle for Civil Rights: African Americans in San Francisco, 1945-1975
Example text
Although the League initially emphasized service to the USO and to children, it became larger and more ambitious over the years and divided into interest groups, each organizing its own projects. In addition, it formed a junior auxiliary to teach teenaged girls etiquette and to provide cultural opportunities otherwise unavailable to them (SF-AAHCS; 1953, Bay Area Service League 10th Anniversary Program). Through the generous and diligent work of these women, many under-privileged families received direct financial assistance, holiday gifts and scholarships to schools and camps.
Collins, personal interview, 2006) In fact, Mr. Alley was Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s fi rst African American employee in the San Francisco branch. Though starting as an elevator operator and told he had no chance for promotion because of his race, Alley became the office’s fi rst African American supervisor and remained with the company for 38 years (SF Chronicle; 2005, Eddie Alley). Further explaining the overlap between his work with the Urban League and his profession as a dentist, Collins states, There was a time when the President of First Interstate Bank, which is now CitiCorp, when the President of the bank was a patient of mine, when the man who was the director of loans was a patient of mine, the man who was the vice-president for hiring was a patient of mine.
Noting that the constitution of the NAACP did not prohibit Communists from either membership or holding office, Williams stated, “The Negro people and their organizations cannot afford the luxury of red-baiting, since anti-communism is a smoke screen used by Dixiecrats and their friends behind which to practice discrimination and segregation” (People’s World; 1951, NAACP Warned of Witchhunt). ” The relationship between the NAACP and the CP-USA would remain contentious for years to come. 2 Challenges of the 1950s Discrimination, Employment and Crime San Francisco entered the 1950s a changed city, larger and more diverse than it ever had been.