By Richard Huggett
Basics of Biogeography provides an obtainable, attractive and accomplished creation to biogeography, explaining the ecology, geography, heritage and conservation of animals and vegetation. beginning with an summary of the way species come up, disperse, diversify and develop into extinct, the e-book examines: how environmental elements (climate, substrate, topography, and disturbance) impression animals and crops; investigates how populations develop, engage and live on; how groups shape and alter; and explores the connections among biogeography and conservation.The moment variation has been largely revised and multiplied all through to hide new themes and revisit issues from the 1st variation in additional intensity. Illustrated all through with informative diagrams and engaging photographs and together with courses to additional studying, bankruptcy summaries and an intensive word list of keywords, basics of Biogeography sincerely explains key strategies within the historical past, geography and ecology of lifestyles platforms. In doing so, it tackles one of the most topical and arguable environmental and moral matters together with species over-exploitation, the affects of worldwide warming, habitat fragmentation, biodiversity loss and atmosphere recovery.
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Extra resources for Fundamentals of Biogeography, 2nd Edn (Routledge Fundamentals of Physical Geography Series)
Sample text
Tropical birds living in patches of Amazon forest show that populations of 50 or more are about 5 times less likely to go extinct locally than are populations of 5 or fewer. Species with rapid generation times stand more chance of dodging extinction. Good dispersers are better placed to escape extinction that poor dispersers, as are species with better opportunities for dispersal. In addition, a species with a large gene pool may be better able to adapt to environmental changes than species with a small gene pool.
This Hawaiian tree species is very diverse and has a wide range of forms. It occupies bare lowlands to high bogs, occurs as a small shrub on young lava flows and as a good-sized tree in a canopy of mature forest. But it is ascribed to a single species despite such a rich variety of forms. Non-adaptive radiation occurs where radiation is associated with no clear niche differentiation. It may occur when radiations have occurred allopatrically in fragmented habitats. For instance, on Crete, land snails of the genus Albinaria have diversified into a species-rich genus with little niche differentiation.
Ideal for beginners. Schluter, D. (2000) The Ecology of Adaptive Radiation (Oxford Series in Ecology and Evolution). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Looks at the ecological causes of adaptive radiation. Stearns, S. C. and Hoekstra, R. (2000) Evolution: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. A first-rate introduction to the subject. 35 3 BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PROCESSES II DISPERSAL Organisms, even sedentary ones, have a propensity to disperse. Individuals roam into new areas, either as adults or as eggs and seeds, and establish colonies.